Saint Martin (France) • Sorted by date added Focus Project Group. 1830 Code postal, Belgique. [122] Even though some people want English to be used as an unofficial compromise language between Dutch and French, French remains the lingua franca, and laws still require Dutch and French translations in most cases. Slatin, Sonia. Mauritius • [126], The architecture in Brussels is diverse, and spans from the clashing combination of Gothic, Baroque, and Louis XIV styles on the Grand Place to the postmodern buildings of the EU institutions. Le 26 août 1830, au matin, le journaliste Ducpétiaux, apprenant que les agitateurs venus de Paris venaient d'arborer les couleurs françaises au balcon de l'hôtel de ville de Bruxelles, parla de ce grave événement qui risquait de fausser tout le sens du soulèvement, à son ami Lucien Jotrand, lui aussi journaliste. Prehistory • The Brabantine Gothic Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula remains a prominent feature in the skyline of downtown Brussels. [25][26] As the economic capital of Belgium and one of the top financial centres of Western Europe with Euronext Brussels, it is classified as an Alpha global city. A bi-communitarian public authority, the Common Community Commission (French: Commission communautaire commune, COCOM, Dutch: Gemeenschappelijke Gemeenschapscommissie, GGC) also exists. Regions are one component of Belgium's institutions; the three communities being the other component. Around this time, work began on what is now the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula (1225), replacing an older Romanesque church. À la suite de l'implication des nations voisines, elle mena à la scission du royaume et à l'indépendance de la Belgique proclamée par le gouvernement provisoire de Belgique le 4 octobre 1830 . Algeria • Singapore • Bahrain • [176] Not all of the wealth generated in Brussels remains in Brussels itself, and as of December 2013[update], the unemployment among residents of Brussels is 20.4%. United Kingdom • In the 17th century, Brussels was a centre for the lace industry. Corsica • ", "Brussels bilingual? 557p. In 925 the area is annexed to the Eastern Frankish Empire, later continued by the German Empire. Brussels has a large concentration of immigrants from other countries, and their children, including many of Moroccan (mainly Riffian and Berber) and Turkish ancestry, together with French-speaking black Africans from former Belgian colonies, such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi. [131][132] Some of Brussels' municipalities, such as Schaerbeek, Etterbeek, Ixelles, and Saint-Gilles, were developed during the heyday of Art Nouveau and have many buildings in that style. La Belgique Centenaire. Ladakh wazarat • Kalmykia • [152] Other biennial events are the Zinneke Parade, a colourful, multicultural parade through the city, which has been held since 2000 in May, as well as the popular Flower Carpet at the Grand Place in August. The Major Town Houses of the Architect Victor Horta—Hôtel Tassel (1893), Hôtel Solvay (1894), Hôtel van Eetvelde (1895) and the Horta Museum (1901)—have been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000. Tanzania • The nearby Avenue Louise is lined with high-end fashion stores and boutiques, making it one of the most expensive streets in Belgium. Ingushetia • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa • Registre historique des communes Belges de 1831 a nos jours [Institut national de statistique (Belgium)] on Amazon.com. Dominican Republic • Western Sahara, Dependencies and other overseas territories Guantanamo Bay • Tokelau • Haiti • Botswana • Falkland Islands • Zambia • The metro-grade lines are M1, M2, M5, and M6, with some shared sections, covering a total of 40 km (25 mi). During World War I, Brussels was an occupied city, but German troops did not cause much damage. The Netherlands • Because of its location on the shores of the Senne, on an important trade route between Bruges and Ghent, and Cologne, Brussels became a commercial centre specialised in the textile trade. Ningxia • Les communes préexistaient à l'État belge. [95] A new €750 million headquarters building begun in 2010 and was completed in 2017. As of 2017[update], the Brussels tram system consists of 17 tram lines (three of which – lines T3, T4 and T7 – qualify as premetro lines). Brazil • Rise of Islam • Since August 2016, paper tickets have been discontinued in favour of electronic MoBIB cards. Johnston Atoll • Northern Mariana Islands • Monaco • Tajikistan • Brussels' identity owes much to its rich folklore and traditions, among the liveliest in the country. The Brussels Stock Exchange, abbreviated to BSE, now called Euronext Brussels, is part of the European stock exchange Euronext N.V., along with Paris Bourse, Lisbon Stock Exchange and Amsterdam Stock Exchange. Decisions of the Consultative Committee of 27 November 2020. During the 20th century, the city hosted various fairs and conferences, including the Solvay Conference on Physics and on Chemistry, and three world fairs: the Brussels International Exposition of 1910, the Brussels International Exposition of 1935 and the 1958 Brussels World's Fair (Expo '58). The Brussels-Capital Region has a population of around 1.2 million and has witnessed, in recent years, a remarkable increase in its population. Historical maps are included in the continent, country and dependency entries. Some summer festivities include Couleur Café Festival, a festival of world and urban music, around the end of June or early July, the Brussels Summer Festival (BSF), a music festival in August,[150] the Brussels Fair, the most important yearly fair in Brussels, lasting more than a month, in July and August,[151] and Brussels Beach, when the banks of the canal are turned into a temporary urban beach. Historical maps of the world • Studio 4 in Le Flagey cultural centre hosts the Brussels Philharmonic. The current municipalities could be transformed into districts with limited responsibilities, similar to the current structure of Antwerp or to structures of other capitals like the boroughs in London or arrondissements in Paris, to keep politics close enough to the citizen. The regional parliament can enact ordinances (French: ordonnances, Dutch: ordonnanties), which have equal status as a national legislative act. Brussels is home to notable cycling races. This allowed urban renewal and the construction of modern buildings of hausmannien style along central boulevards, characteristic of downtown Brussels today. La Belgique politique de 1830 à nos jours: Les tensions d'une démocratie bourgeoise Crimea • Ethiopia • Also particularly striking are the buildings in the Art Nouveau style, most famously by the Belgian architects Victor Horta, Paul Hankar and Henry Van de Velde. Petronille was born in 1731, in Châtillon, Province du Luxembourg, Saint-Léger, BELGIQUE. Despite its name, the Brussels-Capital Region is not the capital of Belgium. The French Community Commission has also another capacity: some legislative powers of the French Community have been devolved to the Walloon Region (for the French language area of Belgium) and to the French Community Commission (for the bilingual language area). The network consists of four conventional metro lines and three premetro lines. An important constitutional reform occurrs in the summer of 1993, changing Belgium definitively from a unitary to a federal state. [41] Saint Vindicianus, the Bishop of Cambrai, made the first recorded reference to the place Brosella in 695,[42] when it was still a hamlet. Sardinia • The health sector employs 70,000 employees in 30,000 companies. Decisions of the Council of Ministers of 4 December 2020 For their French-speaking Bruxellois, it can vary from Belgian, Francophone Belgian, Bruxellois (like the Memellanders in interwar ethnic censuses in Memel), Walloon (for people who migrated from the Walloon Region at an adult age); for Flemings living in Brussels, it is mainly either Flemish or Brusselaar (Dutch for an inhabitant), and often both. It remained with Austria until 1795, when the Southern Netherlands were captured and annexed by France, and the city became the capital of the department of the Dyle. Macedonia (Republic) • Following the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, Spanish sovereignty over the Southern Netherlands was transferred to the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg. [169] It hosted the final of the 1972 UEFA European Football Championship, and the opening game of the 2000 edition. Saudi Arabia • Located outside the centre, in a greener environment, are the Parc du Cinquantenaire/Jubelpark with its triumphal arch and nearby museums, and in Laeken, the Royal Castle of Laeken and the Royal Domain with its large greenhouses, as well as the Museums of the Far East. Along the North–South connection, is the State Administrative City, an administrative complex in the International Style. Les données datent du 1 er janvier 2018. Guadeloupe • There is much controversy on the division of 19 municipalities for a highly urbanised region, which is considered as (half of) one city by most people. Libya • Brabant was integrated into this composite state, and Brussels flourished as the Princely Capital of the prosperous Burgundian Netherlands, also known as the Seventeen Provinces. La Belgique politique de 1830 à nos jours: Les tensions d'une démocratie bourgeoise on Amazon.com. Saint-Barthélemy • Aceh • [185], Saint-Louis University, Brussels (also known as UCLouvain Saint-Louis – Bruxelles) was founded in 1858 and is specialised in social and human sciences, with 4,000 students, and located on two campuses in the City of Brussels and Ixelles.[186]. English is spoken as a second language by nearly a third of the population and many migrants and expatriates speak other languages as well. [106] From 1880 on, faced with the necessity of using French in dealing with such institutions, more and more Dutch-speakers in Brussels became bilingual, and a rise in the number of monolingual French-speakers was seen after 1910. New Caledonia • Some premetro stations (see Brussels metro) were built on that route. It has been enlarged throughout the centuries to become the second Belgian inland port. British Virgin Islands • Brussels is twinned with the following cities: This article is about the Brussels-Capital Region. In 1830, the Belgian revolution began in Brussels, after a performance of Auber's opera La Muette de Portici at the Royal Theatre of La Monnaie. [d] Flemish politicians have strongly rejected these proposals.[115][116][117]. Moreover, the connection of the Willebroek Canal with the Brussels–Charleroi Canal, in the very heart of the capital, creates a north–south link, by means of waterways, between the Netherlands, Flanders and the industrial zone of Hainaut (Wallonia). Equatorial Guinea • Gréisst vun dëser Duerstellung: 800 × 529 Pixel. A la naissance de l'État belge, en 1831, il y avait 2.739 communes. [164] The nearby Sablon/Zavel area is home to many of Brussels' antique dealers. Romania • Many events are organised or hosted in Brussels throughout the year. Sint Eustatius • Bosnia and Herzegovina • Azores • Curaçao • In addition, the University of Kent's Brussels School of International Studies is a specialised postgraduate school offering advanced international studies. [139] It promotes member museums through the Brussels Card (giving access to public transport and 30 of the 100 museums), the Brussels Museums Nocturnes (every Thursday from 5 p.m. to 10 p.m. from mid-September to mid-December) and the Museum Night Fever (an event for and by young people on a Saturday night in late February or early March).[140]. Many parks and gardens, both public and privately owned, are scattered throughout the city. The concentration and density has caused concern that the presence of the institutions has created a ghetto effect in that part of the city. [141] The King Baudouin Stadium is a concert and competition facility with a 50,000 seat capacity, the largest in Belgium. Three quarters of Parliament sessions now take place at its Brussels hemicycle. La Révolution belge de 1830 a été vue par certains auteurs (notamment Maurice Bologne, dans son ouvrage Insurrection prolétarienne de 1830 en Belgique, 1928) comme une insurrection prolétarienne. In addition to the Senne, tributary streams such as the Maalbeek and the Woluwe, to the east of the region, account for significant elevation differences. Iceland • Islamabad Capital Territory • [202] Since April 2007, STIB/MIVB has been operating a night bus network called Noctis. El Salvador • Habsburg Netherlands 1482–1556 Kurdistan • European Union) • Brussels is rated as the 34th most important financial centre in the world as of 2020, according to the Global Financial Centres Index. [7][8] The yellow iris is the emblem of the region (referring to the presence of these flowers on the city's original site) and a stylised version is featured on its official flag. Notable specialities include Brussels waffles (gaufres) and mussels (usually as moules-frites, served with fries). Caliphate • Belgium is divided into three federal autonomous regions: ► Flanders, ► Wallonia and ► Brussels. [118] The first language of roughly half of the inhabitants is not an official one of the Capital Region. Fifteen years on, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands found itself in a deep crisis. The Brussels local police, supported by the federal police, is responsible for law enforcement in Brussels. Bashkortostan • Portugal • Né à Waarmaarde (ou Waermaerde), section de la commune d'Avelgem. The architect A. Waterkeyn devoted the building to science. Canary Islands • The Belgians revolted in 1830, and created their own state in November 1831. As it grew to a population of around 30,000, the surrounding marshes were drained to allow for further expansion. Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federation of) • Brussels is a centre of both media and communications in Belgium, with many Belgian television stations, radio stations, newspapers and telephone companies having their headquarters in the region. Sakha • As English is spoken widely,[35][37] several English media organisations operate in Brussels. Brussels and its suburbs have evolved from a Dutch-dialect-speaking town to a mainly French-speaking town. Cocos (Keeling) Islands • During the 19th century, the population of Brussels grew considerably; from about 80,000 to more than 625,000 people for the city and its surroundings. The Court of Cassation, Belgium's main court, has its seat in the Palace of Justice. WikiZero Özgür Ansiklopedi - Wikipedia Okumanın En Kolay Yolu . Cyprus • The International Exposition of 1897 contributed to the promotion of the infrastructure. The city is the arrival location of the Brussels Cycling Classic, formerly known as Paris–Brussels, which is one of the oldest semi classic bicycle races on the international calendar. La Belgique politique de 1830 à nos jours: Les tensions d'une démocratie bourgeoise Archives du futur/histoire: Amazon.es: Witte, Els: Libros en idiomas extranjeros This decentralised administrative public body also assumed jurisdiction over areas which, elsewhere in Belgium, were exercised by municipalities or provinces.[79]. Since the 16th century, Brussels has had its own harbour, the port of Brussels. The multilingual pan-European news channel Euronews also maintains an office in Brussels. Voici la situation. Germany • [29] The Brussels metro is the only rapid transit system in Belgium. Atlas • It has 9 fire stations, spread over the entire Brussels-Capital Region, and employs about 1,000 professional firefighters. Malta • Ukraine • Religion in Brussels-Capital Region (2016)[124], In reflection of its multicultural makeup, Brussels hosts a variety of religious communities, as well as large numbers of atheists and agnostics. The Common Community Commission is responsible for policies aiming directly at private persons or at bilingual institutions (for example, the centres for social welfare of the 19 municipalities). The current major buildings are the Berlaymont building of the commission, symbolic of the quarter as a whole, the Justus Lipsius building of the Council and the Espace Léopold of the Parliament. Inca Empire • Cape Verde • En 1830, la révolution belge éclate et a pour conséquence la sécession des provinces belges qui se constituent en royaume autonome. • La Belgique, Léopold I er et Léopold II (1830-1901) par Alfred Didier (1901) • Révolution belge de 1830 et histoire de la Belgique jusqu'à aujourd'hui, par Carlo Gemelli (1864) • La Révolution belge de 1830, racontée par les affiches, par Charles Terlinden (1903) Sicily • Bahamas • De 1830 à 1839, les anciennes frontières de la Belgique comprenaient l'actuel grand-duché de Luxembourg et l'actuel Limbourg néerlandais. [55] Starting from the early 1960s, Brussels became the de facto capital of what would become the European Union, and many modern offices were built. Baker Island • The Free University of Brussels was established in 1834 and Saint-Louis University in 1858. [156], Famous shopping areas in Brussels include the pedestrian-only Rue Neuve/Nieuwstraat, the second busiest shopping street in Belgium (after the Meir, in Antwerp) with a weekly average of 230,000 visitors,[157][158] home to popular international chains (H&M, C&A, Zara, Primark), as well as the City 2 and Anspach galleries. Among all major migrant groups from outside the EU, a majority of the permanent residents have acquired Belgian nationality. Development was allowed to proceed with little regard to the aesthetics of newer buildings, and numerous architectural landmarks were demolished to make way for newer buildings that often clashed with their surroundings, giving name to the process of Brusselisation. [81] This is related to different conceptions in the two communities, one focusing more on the Communities and the other more on the Regions, causing an asymmetrical federalism. Jarvis Island • Luxembourg • Italy • Mari El • La classe d'âge est comprise entre 15 et 64 ans. The Brussels-Capital Region is governed by a parliament of 89 members (72 French-speaking, 17 Dutch-speaking—parties are organised on a linguistic basis) and an eight-member regional cabinet consisting of a minister-president, four ministers and three state secretaries. [166], Sport in Brussels is under the responsibility of the Communities. Sindh • Religions, Historical eras Brussels (French: Bruxelles [bʁysɛl] (listen) or [bʁyksɛl]; Dutch: Brussel [ˈbrʏsəl] (listen)), officially the Brussels-Capital Region[7][8] (French: Région de Bruxelles-Capitale;[a] Dutch: Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest),[b] is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium. Kiribati • The text of the introduction(s) is based on the content of the Wikipedia encyclopedia. [94] The organisation's political and administrative headquarters are located on Boulevard Léopold III/Leopold III-laan in Haren, Brussels. Le Royaume de Belgique est un pays de l'Europe de l'Ouest ayant une frontière commune avec les Pays-Bas, l'Allemagne, la France et le Luxembourg. The pre-eminent Catholic cathedral in Brussels is the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula, serving as the co-cathedral of the Archdiocese of Mechelen–Brussels. The city also often experiences violent thunderstorms in summer months. [35][36] Brussels is also increasingly becoming multilingual. This map shows both the United and the Spanish Netherlands. [9] The Brussels-Capital Region is located in the central portion of the country and is a part of both the French Community of Belgium[10] and the Flemish Community,[11] but is separate from the Flemish Region (within which it forms an enclave) and the Walloon Region. This map shows the possible extent of (proto-), Between 57 and 51 BC the Belgae are defeated by the Roman Empire. Physical and topographical • Mayotte • The total route length is 139 km (86 mi),[202] making it one of the largest tram networks in Europe. It wis ane o the foondin members o the European Union. Brussels' inhabitants deal with either the French Community or the Flemish Community for matters such as culture and education, as well as a Common Community for competencies which do not belong exclusively to either Community, such as healthcare and social welfare. United States Virgin Islands • Zimbabwe, Entities with disputed sovereign statusAbkhazia • Sápmi • Cambodia • In medieval times, Brussels stood at the intersection of routes running north–south (the modern Rue Haute/Hoogstraat) and east–west (Chaussée de Gand/Gentsesteenweg-Rue du Marché aux Herbes/Grasmarkt-Rue de Namur/Naamsestraat). Prussia • This page was last edited on 10 June 2020, at 21:46. Saba • Guyana • Yugoslavia, Former dependencies and overseas territories Argentina • The Brussels-Capital Region was formed on 18 June 1989, after a constitutional reform in 1988. Early American Societies • Except for the Royal Military Academy, a military college established in 1834,[182] all universities in Brussels are private/autonomous. Brussels (French: Bruxelles or ; Dutch: Brussel ()), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (French: Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; Dutch: Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium. Serbia • Today, Brussels has the most congested traffic in North America and Europe, according to US traffic information platform INRIX.[204]. [124], Recognised religions and laicism enjoy public funding and school courses. Christmas Island • Catalonia • Map settings. Failing such a majority, a new vote can be held, where a majority of at least one third in each linguistic group is sufficient. In French, Bruxelles is pronounced [bʁysɛl] (the x is pronounced /s/, like in English, and the final s is silent) and in Dutch, Brussel is pronounced [ˈbrʏsəl]. Tatarstan • There are some thirty towers, mostly concentrated in the city's main business district: the Northern Quarter (also called Little Manhattan), near Brussels-North railway station. This map shows the area ruled by the Spanish king around 1580 (Netherlands in blue) on a map showing modern-day state borders. There are 3,000 life sciences researchers in the city and two large science parks: Da Vinci Research Park and Erasmus Research Park. On Belgian National Day, on 21 July, a military parade and celebrations take place on the Place des Palais/Paleizenplein and in Brussels' Park, ending with a display of fireworks in the evening. They also have a board composed of the ministers and secretaries of state of each linguistic group in the Government of the Brussels-Capital Region. The European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation, commonly known as Eurocontrol, is an international organisation which coordinates and plans air traffic control across European airspace. [73], In early 2016, Molenbeek-Saint-Jean held a reputation as a safe haven for jihadists in relation to the support shown by some residents towards the bombers who carried out the Paris and Brussels attacks. modifier La révolution belge de 1830 est la révolte, contre le roi des Pays-Bas Guillaume I er , de plusieurs provinces du Sud du royaume, suivie de leur sécession. [160] The neighbourhood around Rue Antoine Dansaert/Antoine Dansaertstraat has become, in recent years, a focal point for fashion and design;[161] this main street and its side streets also feature Belgium's young and most happening artistic talent. Kyrgyzstan • [170] The King Baudouin Stadium is also home of the annual Memorial Van Damme athletics event, Belgium's foremost track and field competition, which is part of the Diamond League. The City of Brussels is also the capital of both the French Community of Belgium[10] and the Flemish Community. Bajo Nuevo Bank • Registre historique des communes Belges de … On 22 March 2016, three coordinated nail bombings were detonated by ISIL in Brussels—two at Brussels Airport in Zaventem and one at Maalbeek/Maelbeek metro station—resulting in 32 victims and three suicide bombers killed, and 330 people were injured. Cuba • Nicaragua • Bougainville • Austria-Hungary • *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Projections of the globe This makes Belgium is a federation of Dutch-speaking Flanders, francophone Wallonia and bilingual Brussels. [205] Usually named chaussées/steenwegen, these highways normally run in a straight line, but sometimes lose themselves in a maze of narrow shopping streets. Stanford Libraries' official online search tool for books, media, journals, databases, government documents and more. Peru • Midway Atoll • Basque Country • 1830 Machelen organisez votre mariage dans votre ville...Machelen avec Mariage.be - Trouver les meilleures professionnels du mariage dans la commune de Machelen Egypt • The region contributes to one fifth of Belgium's GDP, and its 550,000 jobs account for 17.7% of Belgium's employment. Venezuela • Vanuatu • Middle Ages • Its average elevation is 57 metres (187 feet) above sea level, varying from a low point in the valley of the almost completely covered Senne, which cuts the region from east to west, up to high points in the Sonian Forest, on its southeastern side. In general, the population of Brussels is younger than the national average, and the gap between rich and poor is wider. In the feudal German Empire and France the duchies and counties, together known as the Netherlands, come between 1384 and 1451 under the rule of Burgundy. After the creation of the Brussels-Capital Region, the Brussels Agglomeration was never formally abolished, although it no longer has a purpose. Brussels is home to a large number of immigrants. Bouvet Island • Criticism of King William I’s authoritarian rule grew, primarily in the South. Inhabitants of Brussels are known in French as Bruxellois (pronounced [bʁysɛlwa]) and in Dutch as Brusselaars (prounouced [ˈbrʏsəlaːrs]). Benin • Suriname • Kazakhstan • Inner Mongolia • São Tomé and Príncipe • Jersey • Eritrea • Le niveau de pouvoir le plus proche du citoyen est la commune. There are several universities in Brussels. It consists of nine steel spheres connected by tubes, and forms a model of an iron crystal (specifically, a unit cell), magnified 165 billion times. The office of the Prime Minister of Belgium, colloquially called Law Street 16 (French: 16, rue de la Loi, Dutch: Wetstraat 16), is located adjacent to this building. India • The Brussels Agglomeration had a separate legislative council, but the by-laws enacted by it did not have the status of a legislative act. [verification needed]. The condominium exists until the end of World War I. Map of the Southern Netherlands by Herman Moll, 1740, The WIKIMEDIA COMMONS Atlas of the World is an organized and commented collection of geographical, political and historical maps available at Wikimedia Commons. Uruguay • Buildings from that period are mostly found in the historic centre (called Îlot Sacré), Saint Géry/Sint-Goriks and Sainte-Catherine/Sint Katelijne neighbourhoods.

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